Graphics card fan dying and everyone is confusing me

Hi there,

So I had an older computer (hardware), & just over a year ago I got new hardware, but kept the HDs & I guess the video card.

I just found out that this is what has been making noise (the fan on it).

The guy who cleaned the hardware & found the issue said I don't need a new video card unless I'm using Photoshop.

I watch a ton of videos, don't I need it for nice videos?

I started asking around on Reddit and everyone is giving me different answers and I'm not an idiot, but hardware isn't my thing.

1. Two people on reddit said I DO need a video card, there's no onboard one.
2. Then they started saying the graphics card is tied to the CPU when I thought it was connected to the MB.
3. What's the difference between a video card & a graphics card?
4. How can a long card fit on a small square CPU?
5. I contacted MSI (MB) & they said I need a video card.
6. I contact AMD (CPU) & they said there's no internal video card.
7. The guy who cleaned the computer says it shows video outputs on the MB. Why is he talking about the MB when people are telling me it's on the CPU?
8. I'll give you the links to the two pieces below.
9. I use Win 7, so MSI suggested this one - https://us-store.msi.com/GeForce-GT-1030-4GD4-LP-OC
10. Someone else mentioned the video adapter & making sure BIOS is set up properly. What does that have to do with the graphics card?
11. I was told by a couple of people that you won't be able to see anything on your screen if you don't have a video card although they may have said graphics card. That's why I need to know the difference.
12. I am not a gamer. I do a bit of video work, but I'm not a pro so it's just cutting clips & using slides & background music, but I do watch a ton of videos on my computer & I want them to be clear.
13. Someone said you can just replace the fan on the old video card.

I'm very very confused.

Speccy - http://speccy.piriform.com/results/aTwif87CE8ds0RcpW5rkN8s
CPU - https://www.newegg.com/amd-ryzen-7-...et-am4/p/N82E16819113813?Item=N82E16819113813
MB - https://www.newegg.com/msi-mag-b550...50-am4/p/N82E16813144326?Item=N82E16813144326

I hope someone can dumb this all down for me.

Thanks